Monday, November 27, 2006

Changes


IF IT'S been a few hours between visits, you'll notice that things look a bit different around here.

That's because I went to sign in to my Blogger account this morning and all of a sudden I was being thanked for upgrading to Blogger Beta. As I mentioned in an earlier post, I had planned on doing it sometime in the future, preferably after I'd finished blogging the film festival. But Blogger decided it was moving on and taking me with it whether I liked it or not.

Most everything was left intact after the upgrade except my archives, which vanished from the front page, so I felt that I had to follow through and ditch the old template entirely. That, however, brought problems of its own. The old template had some formatting quirks, and I accounted for these with little HTML tweaks when making new posts. The new template didn't like those tweaks (I'm still rooting them out), resulting in the claustrophobic line spacing you'll see on some older entries. Post titles were being repeated, alignment was out of whack, image borders weren't showing up, and I had to mess around with the HTML to get the sidebar on the other right. Then I had to bump the background paper-like images up to 800 pixels so they'd cover the space I'd created to keep my posts and sidebar from being squashed next to one another. It's been a real trial-and-error process. I still think it looks a bit cramped, but I need some time away to figure out just what I can do to make it better without making it busier.

The good news is that the blog is much more readable, and improvements like labels and the dynamic archive tree are more convenient.

Mannheim-Heidelberg International Film Festival 2006 Wrap-up


IN SPITE of our best efforts to concentrate on the heart of the festival, the International Competition section, we ended up missing a couple of the award winners. The problem, as always, is that my wife and I have to plan our film matrix around other things, and we also want to make the festival a recreational event, not a chore, so we pick and choose films that may fall outside the competition proper and that sound appealing to us. Based on the festival synopsis, a film like Vidange perdue (The Only One), the major award winner, sounded awfully bland.

This year's was the strongest batch of films we've seen since we started going in 2003. It was tough to single Vida y color out for the number one spot among the top four overall; by comparison both Lucid and Sønner were very different animals, and on another day I might rate them higher depending on what type of film I was in the mood for. On the flip side, it was easy to relegate the execrable Orangelove to the bottom of the heap, even though it was a much prettier film than the messy patchwork of Tajnata kniga. If it means anything, out of my highest-rated films Vida y color and Kunsten at græde i kor are the only ones I'd like to own someday on DVD.

One further thing we noticed -- or confirmed, I should say -- is that Dianne Sippl of CineAction, recurring presence among the gaggle of polled festival critics, usually awards the films we can't abide with four and five stars. To her, pretentious, sprawling and overly theatrical equals quality, which might have something to do with CineAction's rather limiting mission statement to approach "film from the viewpoint of the progressive movements active in our culture: feminism, anti-racism, socialism, gay rights, environmentalism. Aesthetics and ideology are treated as inseparable." There's no accounting for taste, I guess, and we're quite clearly working from a different checklist of aesthetic and entertainment criteria. But the simple fact is that we usually can spot which films we were right to avoid by checking which ones she's bedecked with small constellations.

So, to wrap up another year, here are links to all my reviews, with the films ranked overall:

1. Vida y color (Life in Color)
2. Kunsten at græde i kor (The Art of Crying)
3. Lucid
4. Sønner (Sons)
5. Iraq in Fragments
6. Bes Vakit (Times and Winds)
7. Débrouillez-vous (Help Yourself)
8. Sasvim licno (Totally Personal)
9. Jogo Subterrâneo (Underground Game)
10. Han, hun og Strindberg (Him, Her and Strindberg)
11. Blódbönd (Thicker Than Water)
12. Kochankowie z Marony (Lovers of Marona)
13. Tajnata kniga (The Secret Book)
14. Orangelove

And ranked by category:

International Competition:

1. Kunsten at græde i kor (The Art of Crying)
2. Lucid
3. Sønner (Sons)
4. Iraq in Fragments
5. Bes Vakit (Times and Winds)
6. Jogo Subterrâneo (Underground Game)
7. Blódbönd (Thicker Than Water)
8. Kochankowie z Marony (Lovers of Marona)
9. Tajnata kniga (The Secret Book)

International Discoveries:

1. Vida y color (Life in Color)
2. Débrouillez-vous (Help Yourself)
3. Sasvim licno (Totally Personal)
4. Han, hun og Strindberg (Him, Her and Strindberg)
5. Orangelove

Mannheim-Heidelberg International Film Festival 2006 Award Winners


THE winners of the various awards at the 55th Mannheim-Heidelberg International Filmfestival have recently gone live on the festival website. I've reposted them below with a few formatting tweaks but no corrections to their translations. A summary of the highs and lows of my own festival experience will follow in the next post.

- Main Award of Mannheim-Heidelberg goes to Geoffrey Enthoven from Belgium for the film Vidange perdue / The Only One ("For an unusual movie, deeply human and also funny, with an extraordinary performance of a marvelous grumpy old man.")

- Rainer Werner Fassbinder Prize of Mannheim-Heidelberg goes to Erik Richter Strand from Norway for the film Sønner / Sons ("For an honest, strong and emotional directing approach to such a delicate topic.")

- Special Award of the Jury goes to Lionel Baier from Switzerland for the film Comme des voleurs / Stealth ("For the fantasy, the authenticity of dialogues, for the false lightness of the screenplay… and for the passionate discussion we had in the jury about this movie.")

- Special Award of the Jury goes to Árni Ólafur Ásgeirsson from Iceland for the film Blódbönd / Thicker than Water ("For a director who is taking us on a special, sensitive and hard journey between his main characters.")

- Special Mention goes to Florent Herry from Turkey for the camera of the film Bes vakit / Times and Winds ("For a beautiful camera work, which leads us in discovering the beauty in the details of life.")

- Special Mention goes to Jesper Asholt from Denmark, the main actor of the Film Kunsten at graede i kor / The Art of Crying ("The film is a tightly directed and sensitive tragicomedy. Told from little Allan’s simple-minded perspective, the film moves the spectators without leaving a bitter aftertaste behind.")

- Special Mention goes to James Longley from USA for the film Iraq in Fragments ("For an unconventional American point of view about Iraq, a film which we don't want to call a documentary.")

- Award Best Short Film goes to Marc Schaus from Belgium for the film Quelque chose en O / Something in O ("For an amazing and promising short movie that we will not forget, even if we forget the first name of our children.")

- Audience Award of Mannheim-Heidelberg goes to Peter Schønau Fog from Denmark for the film Kunsten at græde i kor / The Art of Crying

- International Film Critics Prize goes to Franck Guérin from France for the film Un jour d'été / A Summer Day ("For a sensitive, personal and understanding portayal of complex human emotions, a film expressing itself succsessfully in a quiet and musical way.")

- The Ecumenic Film Prize goes to Drazen Zarkovic and Pavo Marinkovic from Croatia for the film Treseta/ Tressette: A Story of an Island ("With artistic images, a strong cast and subtle humour, the director tells the cinematic parable of a community of islanders and their committed fight against extinction. The card game Tressette, which gives the film its title, serves as a symbol of hope.")

- Recommendations of the Jury of Cinema Owners for Kunsten at græde i kor / The Art of Crying; Vidange Perdue / The Only One ("The film is a black-comedy which hits out at the generation conflict in an entertaining way. He reflects the life of Julien Knops, sympathetically portrayed by the 83 year old Nand Buyl. This film stimulates the spectator to think."); Sista Dagen / The Last Day ("At first there appears to be harmony between both couples in the limited space of the summerhouse. But this harmony is shattered by an external influence. This intimate play bewitches the spectator until the very end.")

Sunday, November 26, 2006

Orangelove


I'M CONVINCED that Orangelove began life as a music video or a fashion commercial. You know, the rapid-fire cuts, the oversaturated color, the alternately slow and accelerated motion, the moody out-of-focus shots, the marked lighting contrasts -- all the stylized staples of the generic teenage angst rock fare on MTV. Then, somewhere along the line, Ukranian director Alan Badoyev decided to make it longer than the usual four-minute spot. So he gave it a plot worthy of a fifteen-, maybe thirty-minute short film. And then he stretched the thing out to an hour-and-a-half.

The two roles -- they're so flimsy that you can't even call them characters -- are Roman (Aleksei Chadov) and Katya (Olga Makeyeva). Roman loves Katja and Katja loves Roman. We know this because Badoyev uses every cheap, stock Hollywood cliché that has come to stand for the things that people in love do. They lean against a wall and scream. (How many times have we seen this schlock in movies? Has it ever once happened in real life?) They both do things that border on the mentally unbalanced, like walking around Kiev barefoot in the middle of thunderstorms. They put themselves on the edge of danger -- say, running across three lanes of traffic or perching atop a building -- and then collapse, panting, into each other's arms. And Roman takes photographs of Katja. Constantly.

Okay, so they're in love. Then they find a posh apartment. But there's a catch. They only get to keep it if they stay in it for four weeks without contacting the outside world because the mysterious, dying stranger who's renting it to them wants to see if their love is enough to sustain them. If they leave, they lose the apartment and the 200,000 euro prize that comes with it.

The protests that mark the start of the Orange Revolution begin outside. Roman throws a violent tantrum because he wants to photograph them. He says -- well, screams -- that it's because he loves his work, but it's really because he's a selfish, immature jackass.

Then their test results come back from the clinic. Katja is HIV-positive. Cue an overlong scene in which the apartment becomes crumbling sand. Katja pushes Roman away and finally Roman leaves. But he loves Katja, remember? So he has himself infected with the AIDS virus and comes back to her. But, ha ha, the joke's on him! Katja gets a new letter in the mail explaining that there's been a mix-up at the clinic. Her test results were actually negative. Cut to yet another overlong shot of them sitting on two separate chairs, each with an unblinking thousand-yard stare.

Mediocre, melodramatic acting; a hackneyed script; empty, cookie-cutter characters; and the most tasteless, ill-conceived, implausible plot I think I've ever been asked to swallow. At least the film's photography is sumptuous and pleasing to look at.

The glaring problem with Orangelove isn't that it's a classic example of all style and no substance, but that Badoyev genuinely thinks that there's substance there. His film oozes hipness and self-importance; it's entirely unaware of how shallow and artificial and inane it really is. Orangelove's triumph of style over substance may be merely annoying, but its delusions of grandeur are what make it downright unbearable.

IMDB page. Official website.

Bes Vakit (Time and Winds)


MUCH like Vida y color [review], Bes Vakit shifts away from a more conventional, streamlined narrative in an effort to widen its scope and observe the life of an entire village between an arbitrary beginning and an equally arbitrary end. Written and directed by Turkish filmmaker Reha Erdem, Bes Vakit is decidedly more slow-moving and meditative than Vida y color, and instead of using one central figure to tie the narrative strands together, its focus moves between a trio of children. Though there are other sub-stories, Erdem is mostly concerned with examining the children's relation to their fathers.

Ömer's (Özkan Özen) father, the local imam, treats him poorly. Ömer ranks far behind his much younger brother, Ali, in his father's estimation, and he is punished regularly for minor disobedience. Nothing he does is good enough to please the imam. The more he is punished, the more he shuns his home life, the more he is punished, and so on. Ömer prays that his father will die, and to move matters along he opens the window to let in the icy wind while his ill father sleeps. He tries to find enough scorpions to cause a deadly sting. He fantasizes about pushing his father off a cliff. Yakup (Ali Bey Kayali), Ömer's best friend, is sympathetic but warns him that the sin of the murder will be greater because his father is an imam.

Yakup is understanding of Ömer's problems because his own father beats and maltreats him, just as his father did before him. This cascade of abuse is still in full swing -- no pun intended. Yakup's grandfather regularly harangues his father, and Yakup is the one who ultimately suffers for it. Emotionally stunted by his chronic shame and frustration, Yakup's father has never stopped being a child, as Yakup is reminded when he catches him peeping in on the pretty schoolteacher Yakub himself fancies.

Yildiz (Elit Iscan) is the cousin of Yakup; her father is the well-adjusted brother of Yakup's father, the one to whom Yakup's father always finds himself invidiously compared. She has a special relationship with her father, one which her mother, who showers all her affection on her baby son, resents. Yildiz, like the boys, is at the age where she is just becoming sexually aware, and she experiences the usual pain of emerging from the comfort of naive innocence into the ambiguity and ambivalence of worldly knowledge.

These three portraits (or four, if you count the short inclusion of the orphaned shepherd boy) are rendered in a way that is even more poetic and impressionistic than the sparing, vignette-like approach of Vida y color. The only links between pivotal scenes are contrived, artistic shots of the individual children sleeping in the safety of different kinds of foliage and long sequences in which the camera follows the individual children through the streets of the village. Like the figurative interludes indicating the time of day and calls to prayer (night, evening, afternoon, noon and morning, in that order) that punctuate the film, they are a visual motif that is meant to both divide and integrate the children's lives, and to illustrate the passing of time as well as the persistence of these themes across generations. Bes Vakit could have done without some of these long, slow, mood- and motif-setting shots, or the solemn pans over the landscape; the urgency and intensity of the children's stories occasionally get diluted by them. I appreciate that Erdem wanted to fully convey the isolation and languorous rhythm of village life, but I doubt this two-hour film would have lost any of its melancholic beauty by cropping fifteen minutes.

In addition to the sensuous photography and the fine young actors, the original score by Arvo Pärt (and also featuring Rachel's decade-old Music for Egon Schiele) helps Bes Vakit create a ruminative, lyrical atmosphere that few films in recent memory can match. Though its depiction of village life can be bleak at times, and its pace positively torpid, Bes Vakit finds a calm, quiet beauty in the bleakness and torpor.

IMDB page. Official website.

Saturday, November 25, 2006

Tajnata kniga (The Secret Book)


ACCORDING to a Bogomil website maintained by Georgi Vasilev:

"The Secret Book" (Tajnata kniga) was the name Jordan Ivanov gave to a twelfth-century Latin manuscript discovered in the Archives of the Inquisition in Carcassonne, France. This untitled text purports to be a dialogue between Christ and John the Evangelist at the Last Supper, during which they discuss the Creation of the Earth and the Last Judgment. In fact, it is an apocryphal treatise setting forth some of the principal cosmogonic and eschatological tenets of the Bulgarian Bogomils and their co-believers in Bosnia, Northern Italy, and Southern France -- the Patarins and Cathars.

Hard facts about its purpose and origins aren't easy to come by, so much of the convoluted history of "The Secret Book" is speculative. The remaining mysteries provide ample material for the wildest imaginings of Christian folklore sleuths and conspiracy theorists, much like The Da Vinci Code gave Dr. Robert Langdon and agent Sophie Neveu lots of spooky puzzles to solve.

In Macedonian director Vlado Cvetanovski's film, it's Guy Chevalier (Thierry Fremont) and his attractive female sidekick, Lydia (Labina Mitevska), who are out to solve the mystery of the Tajnata kniga. Spurred by the enigmatic letters to his dead mother, Joanna, which were sent to her by Tajnata kniga scholar and world traveler -- and also Chevalier's father -- Pierre Reymond (Jean-Claude Carrière), now nearing death, Chevalier resumes his father's quest and travels to Macedonia to find the book, trace its origins and uncover its messages about God and power. During his journey, Chevalier encounters several colorful characters representing the three legendary parts of Macedonia and he is trailed by one sinister figure. Intermittently he has visions of a man situated in various wooden contraptions. This man, I think, is Pavel Bigorsky (Vlado Jovanovski), who, in addition to sending carrier pigeons with messages in the ancient glagolic script of the Tajnata kniga to Reymond, is the true author of Tajnata kniga and has apparently leapt across the "time barrier" to impart his wisdom. Eventually Chevalier can no longer cope with the strain of his quest or the knowledge dished out to him piecemeal by "The Secret Book" and he succumbs, just like all those before him, leaving another curious explorer to follow in his footsteps and start the cycle anew.

Tajnata kniga is an absolute mess. The stories behind "The Secret Book" are already long and abstruse enough (the quoted paragraph above isn't even the half of it), and Cvetanovski only complicates matters by introducing allegories of Macedonian nationalism and all sorts of esoteric and Biblical symbolism. His sense of narrative flow is abysmal: barely have we settled into one scene and begun to get the gist of what's taking place before he's abruptly cut back to another delivery from the carrier pigeons or a surreal dream sequence. It's quite possible that if you know beforehand what's supposed to be taking place, then Tajnata kniga may be slightly more intelligible, but a film that requires background reading just to understand the most basic points of its story has failed as a film. You don't need to research the fate of Titanic to appreciate James Cameron's eponymous movie.

The overall quality of the acting is spotty and the cinematography is rescued only by Macedonia's natural beauty. The script has some amusing dialogue -- the anecdote about a team of EU specialists concluding that a nonexistent mountain didn't exist was good for a chuckle, as was the inexplicably foul-mouthed Americanophile, Gizus -- but not enough to redeem its inability to make any sense of Chevalier's quest or the powerful legacy of "The Secret Book." The clumsiness and sheer nonsense of much of the film often reminded me of Monty Python and the Holy Grail, but that, obviously, is an absurd and parodic comedy, whereas Tajnata kniga is supposed to be an adventure with a thought-provoking theological bent. And what a resounding disappointment to find, at the end of all that, that Tajnata kniga's "revelatory" message is that there is a secret book in every one of us. When it comes to food for thought, that's more like an unsatisfying crumb.

IMDB page. Official website.

Friday, November 24, 2006

Blódbönd (Thicker Than Water)


IN LIFE, we're occasionally beset by confusion and indecision. What sort of career do I want? How am I helping to make the world a better place? Should I stay or should I go now (considering, of course, that if I go there will be trouble and if I stay it will be double)? What's the meaning of it all? What should I have for lunch?

Confusion and indecision have proved to be hearty artistic fodder for some of the best literary works of our time. The title character of Zeno's Concscience by Italo Svevo finds it impossible to decide on anything. He only half-heartedly chooses the woman who will be his bride and he can't even muster up the resolve to quit cigarettes. Joseph, the protagonist of Saul Bellow's Dangling Man, spends his time analyzing the nature of choice and free will as he waits for life to make his decisions for him.

The thing is, these are novels. Psychological activity is relatively easy to render on the printed page, which might explain why it has been the stuff of literature for the better part of two centuries. Putting it on the screen or the stage is another matter altogether. Shakespeare managed to do it with soliloquies. But to depict a man's private psychological debates by showing him moping, drinking, smoking and pacing puts it precariously close to the edge of stagnation. Not only is it boring to watch, it tells us very little about what that debate actually is.

Pétur (Hilmar Jonsson), a successful Reykjavik doctor, does a lot of moping, drinking, smoking and pacing when he discovers that he is not the biological father of his young son, Örn (Aaron Brink), following a routine blood test. He asks his pregnant wife, Asta (Margrét Vilhjálmsdóttir), the questions you might expect, but he gets no answers and doesn't press for any. For a time it looks as if he might leave her, but he won't sign the divorce papers. Then Asta wants to talk about the betrayal and its impact on their marriage, but he refuses. He starts a limp retaliatory affair with his secretary, Anna (Laufey Elíasdóttir), but then inexplicably abandons her once she has been in a car accident. His sister, Lilja (Elma Lisa Gunnarsdottir), and her husband, Börkur (Ólafur Darri Ólafsson), ask him why he has moved into a hotel and separated from his wife, but he won't tell them. Between all of these trysts and one-sided confrontations, he mopes, drinks, smokes and paces.

After about thirty minutes of this, I lost patience. To see a man brood after his confidence has been shattered is perfectly understandable, but aside from his perfunctory affair with Anna, Pétur fails to take any action at all. His wholesale avoidance is infuriating and unrealistic. Have it out with your wife! Demand the name of the cuckold! Tell your sister what's troubling you! Have a heart-to-heart with your son! For crying out loud, do something! But no. Another cut to him in his hotel room absently pulling on a cigarillo. What does he think his choices are? What is he afraid to lose and what has he got to gain from those choices? Why doesn't he want to know the details of his wife's affair? Maybe we're supposed to be attuned to the nuances of Pétur's moping, and these will reveal why, for example, he abandons Anna like a coward, or why he can't bring himself to tell his sister anything about what's happened, or what it is that finally reconciles him with his wife. And in the end, neither we nor he is any wiser as to the true identity of Örn's father.

With Blódbönd, Icelandic director Árni Ásgeirsson has done as much as he can to make inaction interesting, but without interpreting Pétur's private psychological conflict into terms we can appreciate (to me, he makes too little use of Börkur as a sounding board), the film quickly turns into a test of our sympathy. Despite a good performance by Jonsson, Pétur is like the friend whose self-pity is so boundless, and whose reluctance to hear solutions is so absolute that you eventually stop taking his calls.

IMDB page. Official website.

Kochankowie z Marony (Lovers of Marona)


REMEMBER the original Calvin Klein Obsession commercial, the one that came to be parodied by every sketch comedy program because of its sheer pretentiousness? Remember its minimalist, slightly surreal backdrop? The visual non sequiturs? The hypersentimental music? The breathy recitation of abominable poetry?

Now imagine that commercial drawn out to nearly two hours. Two hours of fatuous romantic affectation and hypersentimental music. Two hours of visual non sequiturs. Two hours of underdeveloped characters and a strong, timeless love story collapsing under the weight of metaphor and melodrama.

Actually, spare yourself the trouble. Izabella Cywinska has already imagined it for you.

Cywinska is a prominent theatre director in Poland, and she later served as the country's minister of culture and art after the collapse of Communism. Which is why it's shocking, in a way, that her debut feature film should be hobbled by such unsatisfactory acting, such thinly drawn characters, such inappropriate attempts at theatricality, and so little awareness of its own tediousness. What's beyond shocking, even criminal, is that this is a remake of a 1966 cinematic adaptation of Kochankowie z Marony, which, like Cywinska's version, was based on the eponymous novel by Jaroslaw Iwaszkiewicz but had the benefit of the author's input on the screenplay. This means Cywinska had to steamroller Iwaszkiewicz's novel plus the 1966 film adaptation to arrive at something so poor.

As far as I can tell, the storyline of Cywinska's remake isn't greatly altered from the original. Janek (Krzysztof Zawadzki) is dying of tuberculosis in Marona's sanatarium. Ola (Karolina Gruszka) is a local schoolteacher who has become his lover despite his orders to remain confined to the sanatarium. Arek (Lukasz Simlat), Janek's close friend, is trying to mediate their doomed affair, partly for their sake and partly because of where his own loyalties and affections lie. As Janek nears death, Ola takes him in, causing the townspeople to frown upon her impropriety. But in the end, Janek's estranged wife arrives in Marona and prevents Ola from seeing him in his last moments.

Building on the simple love triangle of the novel, Cywinska has introduced a homosexual attraction between Janek and Arek, further complicating Arek's motives and skewing the forces at work within the triangle. This, apparently, is meant to symbolize Iwaszkiewicz's own homosexuality. Why, from either a biographical or artistic standpoint, that was necessary isn't altogether clear.

Cywinska situates this bizarre romance in a decaying, post-apocalyptic world reminiscent of Jeunet's Delicatessen (Arek's motorcycle get-up is a straight rip of Delicatessen's postman) and her characters do generally manage to eke a bit of warmth out of the bleak squalor of her interior settings. She also borrows another trait from Jeunet: the yellow tinting common to his films. So while her sets and her cinematography are imitative, they do at least imitate someone worthy of imitation and are fairly nice to look at. The downside is that these imitative aspects are the best thing about Kochankowie z Marony. She is in love with her own pans and angles, and will spend five minutes hovering around a single scene when thirty seconds would do. As far as the actors are concerned, Gruszka is tolerable (but hardly award-winning, which makes her Polish "Best Actress" award puzzling) and Simlat is quite good, but Zawadzki looks as if he stumbled onto the Kochankowie z Marony set when he should have been doing an Obsession shoot for Calvin Klein next door. The more that it became clear that the film would end with his death, the more I wanted him dead.

Cywinska's remake isn't as incoherent as, say, The Secret Book, which I'll be reviewing in short order, but she seems to have missed the point of Kochankowie z Marony. It's a love story. Its title alone makes that abundantly clear. Yet she has been so sidetracked by theatrical vanity and artistic exercise that she has left the love out of it completely.

IMDB page. Official website.

Sønner (Sons)


TWENTY-five-year-old Lars (Nils Jørgen Kaalstad) works as a lifeguard at the public pool alongside Jørgen (Edward Schultheiss) and Anja (Marika Enstad), an unmarried couple expecting their first child. He is comfortable, if not entirely content, until he spots Hans (Henrik Mestad), a face familiar to him from the past, hanging around the pool and chatting up young boys. Lars appeals to Anja to ban Hans from the grounds, and when she demands evidence to support the decision, Lars steals the pool's van and videocamera and trails Hans to the secluded lookout where he has taken Tim (Mikkel Bratt Silset), a troubled teenager whom Lars has recently helped out of another bind.

Armed with damning evidence against Hans but fired from his job at the pool for insubordination, Lars takes it upon himself to blackmail Hans while trying to save Tim from the long-term psychological suffering that afflicts so many of Hans' victims. One such former victim is Joakim (Joachim Rafaelsen), a reporter at the local TV station, who agrees on Lars' urgings to broadcast the videotape but fabricates a headline-grabbing story about an "Anti-Pedo Patrol" vigilante group to disguise the tape's rather less sensationalist origins. In the meantime, Lars ponders what to do with the computer full of child pornography he has confiscated from Hans and looks for platonic sympathy in Norunn (Ingrid Bolsø Berdal), a prostitute who lives on the floor above him. She occasionally asks him to intervene with his fists when the johns fail to pay.

Lars' attempts at revenge begin to get the better of him when Joakim's self-invented "Anti-Pedo Patrol" takes on a life of its own after the news clip airs, and his crusade against Hans forces his old friend Jørgen to continually choose sides. Jørgen wants to help Lars but doesn't want to upset the calm stability he has with Anja. ("I've started wearing a bicycle helmet now. Do you see what I mean?" he says to Lars as he refuses to involve himself in the latest scheme.) Furthermore, Hans isn't exactly defenseless. He has an unexpectedly strong grip on Tim, and indeed all the boys he has seduced over the years.

In Sønner, as in life, nothing is entirely pure. Lars insists upon doing what's right even when it affects him negatively, but his motives in exposing Hans aren't always as high-minded as he would like others to believe, and the same principles that make him a champion of underdogs like Tim and Norunn blind him to their manipulative strategies. As sick and detestable as Hans is, he doesn't see himself as an outright monster. Beaten and bloodied during one of Lars' many rampages, he appeals to his aggressor by saying that all the boys he has seduced were like sons to him (hence the film's title), and that many of them -- Lars included -- had enjoyed the physical and emotional attention more than they care to admit. That Lars responds to this appeal with renewed anger suggests that this might be uncomfortably close to the truth.

This makes Sønner much more than just a dark drama. A few scenes have the menacing, edge-of-your-seat tension of horror films, and some of Sønner's biggest hooks and surprises are staples of the psychological thriller genre. Norwegian writer/director Erik Richter Strand paces the action well and hits the right balance between the intense material and the more slow-moving scenes of indecision and anguish, a significant accomplishment for his first film, and he has some wonderfully inspired moments that enable the audience to draw very definite conclusions without spelling them out Hollywood-style. The cast is also very good, with Mestad perhaps deserving of a special mention. He is an excellent flawed-but-human antagonist to Kaalstad's human-but-flawed Lars.

Strand's avoidance of moral absolutes (here credit should also go to co-screenwriter Thomas Seeberg Torjussen), his seamless mixing of genres, his unpredictable plot, and his talented cast turn what might have been a well-intentioned but dreary social drama into an emotionally powerful and engrossing thriller.

IMDB page. Official website.

Thursday, November 23, 2006

Vida y color (Life in Color)


AS WE left the cinema voicing our mutual enthusiasm for Vida y color, my wife said to me, "You could easily tell someone it's great, but what do you say if they ask you to summarize it? How do you condense a film like that into a few words? What exactly can you say it's about?"

Good question. An awful lot happens in the film's ninety minutes, and it features a teeming cast of characters that wouldn't be out of place in a Louis de Bernières novel, but the film isn't about anything, really, and stripping down the primary narrative among these delicately interwoven lives to a sentence-long synopsis would end up sounding weak and insubstantial. The best way to summarize Vida y color is as a small chunk neatly snipped out of the continuous stream of time, in this case a few weeks in a small Spanish neighborhood during the final throes of the Franco regime.

The protagonist in Vida y color is 14-year-old Federico (Junio Valverde), or Fede, who attends a local Jesuit school and routinely suffers the taunts and blows of the mean-spirited neighborhood kids in Las Islas. His unwanted nickname is Choir Boy, and his tormentors as well as the more amicable older boys in the barrio address him as such. There's nothing odd or mock-worthy about Fede; he's essentially a nonentity who becomes a punching bag at the whim of his peers. More than anything, he craves their acceptance.

The burden of this constant bullying is lost on Fede's parents, Sole (Ana Wagener) and Angel (Adolfo Fernández), as are Fede's obsessions with completing his Vida y color collectible sticker book and getting a color TV like the family down the road. They're much more preoccupied with their eldest child, Angelito (Pablo Vega), who has been incommunicado for days, and their daughter's upcoming wedding. Even Grandpa (Joan Dalmau), the aging republican who shares a room with Fede, is too busy willing Franco's death to notice that his grandson is harassed by the boys his age. "These are the happiest days of your life," he says, and to Fede this is the most depressing prospect he could imagine.

Fede pals around with sisters Sara (Nadia de Santiago), whose shyness hides an understanding warmth, and Ramona (Natalia Abascal), a girl with Down's Syndrome. While they spend their time hanging out near the jungle-gym and avoiding Marciano "The Martian" (Andrés Lima), the girls' mentally ill father, Ramona dreams of becoming the girlfriend of Javi (Miguel Ángel Silvestre), the good-natured, square-jawed mechanic and close friend of Mortadelo (Manuel Dios), a local gypsy. Unknown to Ramona, however, Javi has designs on Fede's attractive older sister, Begoña (Silvia Abascal), who is supposed by everyone to be marrying Honorio (Fernando Cayo). No one seems to think very much of Honorio, and when he finally gets his three-minute cameo, we understand why.

It's director Santiago Tabernero's deft touch that makes Vida y color such a compelling, enveloping film. Despite the multiple plotlines and large cast, we gradually find ourselves immersed in a rich and complicated story -- the life of an entire neighborhood, in fact -- from just a few well-placed strokes. This brief scene introducing (and expelling) Honorio is a perfect example. Casual comments from the characters have already filled us in on a long back story, and when he finally appears onscreen, his clothes, his tone of voice, his manner of eating soup, his thoughtless condescension toward his fiancee, all so subtly drawn and executed, reveal why he doesn't rate highly in anyone's opinion. Nor does Tabernero do this only with incidentals. Near the beginning of the film, when Marciano tears the bell from around the neck of a dead, stiff cat, his sinister joy that, "Ramona will love this" speaks similar volumes and sets up one of the darkest and most important events in the film.

In scouring the Web for still images, I've come across accusations of sentimentality against Vida y color, particularly in one all-lowercase review on IMDB. To me, sentimentality is precisely what Tabernero avoids, save for one dance scene and the closing pan out, which fixes uncomfortably on Fede and Sara's smiling faces before pulling back further. Though this is only his first feature film, Tabernero seems to be a less-is-more, literary director who values restraint and understatement. He offers imagination a visual springboard rather than spoonfeeding viewers scene after scene. The most graphic events of Vida y color take place offscreen, and Fede's coming-of-age story is nestled in among so many other narrative strands that it makes his moment of heroism seem less heroic and more modest and natural. Tabernero even passes up one of the most tempting opportunities for sentimentalism, the departure of Mortadelo. Instead of a last-minute rush across a field of poppies and a tearful goodbye, Javi sits perched atop the skeleton of half-constructed building, partly obscured by the shadows and smoking a cigarette as the caravan drives off.

Taberneo has given the film a certain fadedness, like an old photograph or the haze of memory, without detracting from the vibrant color that complements the title and motif. His script, representative of nearly a decade of work, is always true to the characters, which is to say that they never seem to be speaking the lines given to them by a fifty-year-old screenwriter. The adolescents in Benito's (Andreas Muñoz) circle are authentically exclusive and impetuous with a penchant for nicknames and insults, and the three generations of adults are delineated well and without using stereotype as an easy crutch. He also manages to work in an underlying metaphorical parallel, with Marciano's madness and the gang of bullies mirroring the madness and repression of the Franco regime.

It's almost a shame that Vida y color is in the International Discoveries section of this year's festival. If it were in the competition, it would be giving other strong contenders a run for their money.

IMDB page.

Wednesday, November 22, 2006

Kunsten at græde i kor (The Art of Crying)


BASED on the eponymous roman à clef by Erling Jepsen, Kunsten at græde i kor is a tale of abuse and, moreover, the peculiar moral framework families construct for themselves, enabling them to except their own actions from the moral standard to which they hold the outside world. Much to my own surprise, the film is a black comedy, balancing the tragedy of sexual molestation with the absurd humor of adult self-pity and the innocence of youth. This balance is handled with remarkable skill by first-time feature director Peter Schønau Fog and an excellent cast of actors.

Kunsten at græde i kor is set during the 1970s in a village in Jutland near the German border, and 11-year-old Allan (Jannik Lorenzen) is our narrative touchstone. In voice-over Allan eases us into the film by describing how his parents would fight in the evenings, prompting his weak, frustrated father to cry and mope downstairs on the couch, usually punctuating his hysterical sobs with threats of suicide. It's quite unsettling for him to think that Papa (Jesper Asholt) should be so upset, and he waits for Mama (Hanne Hedelund) to relent and temporarily assuage the crying by patching the rift. If Mama has taken one of her sleeping pills, Allan asks his 14-year-old sister, Sanne (Julie Kolbeck) to go downstairs and console Papa.

Allan's naiveté shields him from the madness taking place around him. Even when his older brother Asger (Thomas Knuth-Winterfeldt) visits and warns him not to let Sanne go down to Papa any more, he doesn't understand the reasons why. He sees his Papa as someone to be pleased, not ignored, and Allan takes his constant suicide threats as literally as most children his age. He is aware enough of other families in the village to know that Papa's behavior isn't exactly normal, but, in the unique way that only children can, he accepts it as a fact of life.

Allan proves precociously resourceful when a village boy dies and he accidentally discovers that, like his father, he can manipulate people through tears. Delivering funeral eulogies appears to be the only time Papa comes out of his shell, and the more people cry (encouraged by young Allan's tearful sideshow) the more Papa comes to life. Allan even tries to help Papa's sister, the attention-craving hypochondriac Aunt Didde (Gitte Siem Christensen), into an early grave so Papa will get to enjoy another eulogy. He quite happily and unquestioningly carries out all of Papa's requests, spoken and unspoken, never grasping the seriousness of their consequences. Lorenzen himself must be quite clever to be so capable as a child actor, making his ability to feign straight-faced compliance during some his most appalling acts even more commendable.

As Papa, Asholt cuts a despicable and pathetic figure, an object of pity one moment and utter hatred the next. His underhanded attempts to control the lives of his family through a divide and conquer strategy, all for selfish reasons, are at the center of most of the separate narratives and indeed the film as a whole, though there are more than a few hints that the inclination toward abuse didn't begin with him. What makes this such an unconventional picture of abuse is that Papa rarely resorts to force and violence; he is too feeble for that. All his manipulation is psychological and rests on nothing more than filial loyalty. The trick lies in making his family feel obligated to do what they do not want to. On one or two occasions Anholt does cross the line and slips into caricature during one of his tantrums. These mark the very rare moments when the tragicomic balance is skewed too far in the direction of the latter.

Both the acting and the treatment of such a sensitive subject are first-rate, and the cinematography is equally good.* Schønau Fog's domestic interiors have the cozy banality of family homes; the rooms all look and feel like they're lived in, not sets. His exteriors make use use of vivid natural color, with wide, empty landscape shots to show, for instance, how far the bus has to travel to connect this isolated rural village to the rest of the country. Taken together, all these aspects make Kunsten at græde i kor an outstanding film and impressive feature debut.

IMDB page. Director's blog.

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[*] When this review first went live, I mentioned in closing that the film had a "fadedness" that evoked the feeling of looking at an old photograph. That, unfortunately, applies to the more recent film we had seen, Vida y color, and not Kunsten at græde i kor. In my rush to post before leaving for another round of films, I got them confused, which was easier than it sounds, given that both were stories involving molestation set in the '70s and had a young boy as their protagonist. In any case, those sentences have been corrected in this review and put in their proper place in the next one. [Back]

Iraq in Fragments


THE title of this documentary carries a dual meaning. It could be read either as "stories from a fragmented Iraq" or "Iraq, as depicted in vignettes." Both of those readings -- not to mention the ambiguity that makes them possible -- are a fair indication of its content. To get at the heart of Iraq in Fragments, though, means going back a step and looking at the nature of the film itself. Classifying it as a documentary suggests that it belongs in the same category as Michael Moore's tub thumping as well as anti-establishment propaganda like The Corporation (which isn't to say that I don't agree, in the broadest terms possible, with Moore and The Corporation). But there is no single ideological thrust or sociopolitical message to Iraq in Fragments; it's a selective but neutral process of observation. It is either not a documentary as we have come to think of one, or it is a documentary in its purest sense.

The first of three parts, "Mohammed of Baghdad," focuses on an 11-year-old boy whose father was arrested and presumably killed by Saddam's regime. His uncle and grandfather then took him in, and Mohammed now works in his uncle's auto repair shop. His uncle wants him to attend school and study diligently, but Mohammed has no propensity for academics and has twice failed the first grade. After five years in school he can barely write his own name. He'd much rather be fixing things in the shop.

Mohammed's uncle knocks him around by boxing his ear and slapping him on the head, mostly on account of his poor performance in school, but Mohammad, even as his uncle taunts him with insults and the tears make tracks in the grime on his cheeks, insists that his previous employer was far worse and that life with his uncle is close to some kind of ideal. He knows that the streets outside the safe cocoon of the shop are in chaos, and he hasn't forgotten the constant fear during the US-led invasion, but he remains blindly positive about the future. Civil war and division are possibilities he can't quite grasp. As American director James Longley explains on the film's website, this opinion, shared by the general public, changed not long after he finished filming in late 2004, when the situation deteriorated and the coalition forces came to be universally resented.

The second part trains on the Shiite followers and Mehdi Army of Moqtada al-Sadr in the south of the country, in particular Sheik Aws al-Khafaji, a 32-year-old radical cleric. The antithesis of Mohammed and the Kurds of part three, these are the fundamentalists who believe Iraq is destined for decadence and ruin. They are glad to be rid of Saddam's Baathist government because his dictatorship, though dominated by the Sunni minority, was largely secular and violently suppressed their demands for a strong Islamic foundation to legislation and politics. Now that he has been deposed, they can fill the void by taking up arms and introducing sharia law. The absence of any impartial police force means they can cultivate disorder while citing it as the justification for their militancy. Their conviction is rabid and unquestioning. Their boundless self-righteousness means they suffer no pangs of conscience when they serve as police, judge, jury and executioner.

The bulk of Longley's footage here is political rallies and speeches, where the rage is palpable but for the most part controlled. In one segment, however, he is taken along on an raid targeting alcohol sellers in the local market. His footage of this event is raw and stunningly intimate. How he managed to witness and film this Mehdi Army raid as closely as one of its participants is one of the more amazing achievements of Iraq in Fragments -- even more so given that the Sadrists' paranoia and xenophobia was making them ever more hostile and antagonistic to outsiders. Longley's time among the Sadrists was backdropped by the siege of Falluja, the exposure of torture at Abu Ghraib and the vicious uprisings in Kufa and Najaf.

The third and final part moves to a small village in the Kurdish north and centers, among others, on a young boy and his aging father. On the whole the villagers are optimistic about the future of Iraq, which for them entails its disintegration, but not jubilant. They actively support elections because they see democracy as the only route to an independent Kurdistan. There are more Kurds than Israelis, the old man Mahmoud points out with no hint of malice, so why do the Jews have the dignity of having their own nation-state and not the Kurds? Although the Kurds threaten war, they seem less prone to violent solutions and armed insurrection, and given the chance, would prefer to quietly secede and begin making the century-long dream of Kurdistan a reality. Juxtaposed with the frenzy of the militant radicals of the second part, the patient sensibility of these Kurds has a relieving effect.

The visual element of Iraq in Fragments is its most powerful force, which is why I felt compelled to include three pictures in this short review. The voice-overs and dialogue are useful but they are only a supplement to what we see onscreen. Longley's gift is in cinematography and the profound poetic power of the image. For all its reasons to despair over the fate of Iraq, it is still a gorgeous thing to watch.

Its second strength is Longley's utter invisibility. His subjects seem to forget he is even there, which is perhaps confirmed during the alcohol raid sequence, when one Mehdi Army soldier, as if suddenly remembering that a man with a camera isn't a natural part of the surroundings, holds up a spread-fingered hand toward Longley's lens. This invisibility also means that there's one less form of mediation between the material and the viewer. As a film, Iraq in Fragments doesn't pass judgment or editorialize. Its title is the sole trace of subjectivity, and to hint that Iraq is fragmenting may now be more of a matter of fact than opinion. We never hear so much as a word Longley; all the voice-overs are the Iraqis' own. True, Bush and the coalition forces aren't exactly well liked, even by the Kurds dreaming of a separate Kurdistan, but their grounds for revilement are different and understandable. Mohammed is scared of them. His uncle thinks they have brought chaos and repression worse than anything under Saddam. The followers of Moqtada see them as imperialist occupiers. And the Kurds see them as something to be rid of in order for their independence to begin.

While it's to Longley's credit that Iraq in Fragments avoids an ideological thrust, it suffers at times from lacking any thrust at all. Mohammed's story just drifts back and forth over the same topics, and the impression made by the unending series of Sadrist rallies isn't necessarily a cumulative, fuller one. I prefer that Longley kept strictly to his cinema verité approach instead of trying to impose a narrative on his footage, because this is the most obvious point of entry for editorial bias, but the cropping of the original 300 hours of footage could have done with another ten or fifteen minutes. On the other hand, my own reluctance to use just one still image in this review might explain why Longley felt reluctant to cut down his film any further.

The American invasion and occupation of Iraq has polarized opinion in both politics and the media, and the public, never known for its grasp of nuance, has often been guilty of pushing the debate further into the realm of solid whites and solid blacks. Iraq in Fragments might not offer a great deal to anyone who consults diverse news sources to follow the current situation in Iraq, but it does restore the grey areas and the human complexities to the larger controversy, and it does so with beauty and poignancy.

IMDB page. Official website.

Tuesday, November 21, 2006

Lucid


SOPHIE (Lindy Booth) is a prescription drug addict. Victor (Callum Keith Rennie) is a violent homophobe. Chandra (Michelle Nolden) is prone to delusions. All three of them are suffering from some kind of post-traumatic stress disorder, and they are placed under the care of the inexperienced psychiatrist Joel Rothman (Jonas Chernick), who has serious problems of his own. He is plagued by insomnia and the guilt of cheating on his wife, and his HMO employer is trying to relocate him far from Winnipeg, a move that will undermine the precarious relationship he has slowly rebuilt with his young daughter.

Realizing that the HMO has to keep him in Winnipeg as long as he has patients, he refuses to sign his hopeless trio in Group 209 over to the public system. Unfortunately, by doing so he becomes fully responsible for their welfare. Should one of them crack and cause harm to themselves or others, he'll lose his job as well as his daughter. To keep them under control, he has to break the rules of the patient/therapist relationship, meeting with them outside of group sessions and rushing to their aid at the merest hint of a threat. The more he involves himself with each and all of them, the more he begins to share in their conspiracies and hallucinations. His resolve and stability weakened by weeks of insomnia, he finds that he can no longer maintain a grip on his life or his sanity.

Any proper consideration of Lucid has to include its twist ending, the kind that M. Night Shyamalan built his career on and never achieved again, and for the sake of those who haven't seen this film, I refuse to divulge it. So, admittedly, anything that follows from here is going to be stifled, and it might read like the code parents often speak in around Christmastime to avoid spoiling Santa's surprises. My best advice would be to stop reading and rent a copy of Lucid if you haven't yet seen it, and to only discuss it in full among fellow initiates if you have.

I think it's safe to acknowledge that there is a twist ending, because it's something that's apparent from the first ten minutes of the movie. There's a tense, mysterious atmosphere that hints at a forthcoming plot hook, and the film has a few incongruities and coincidences whose appearances are definitely not arbitrary or incidental, yet they're not so incongruous or coincidental that we can't begin to accept them as normal. As the film comes to a climax, however, the scenes overflow with clues, bringing the plot's puzzle to the fore without giving it away, and the abundance of these clues leads us to experience the same frantic urge as the characters to make sense of it. If there's one part of the puzzle that does seem contrived, if not a bit hokey, it's the heavy symbolism that the elevator is ultimately saddled with.

Director Sean Garrity's biggest achievement, in my opinion, lies not in this intricate puzzle or its revelatory conclusion but in translating the strange language of the mind to the cinema screen. When Joel falls asleep behind the wheel and bumps a tree, the accident is rendered as, in rapid but distinct succession, a thump, a scene from a cartoon, blackness, a shout, and then the coming to and assessment of the situation. It's the same lightning-fast sequence of mental events you experience when you've been jolted awake while dozing: the flashes of free association, the black limbo between states of consciousness, the confusion, the lingering remnants of a dream, the readjustment of our senses. At other times whole segments of Garrity's film seem to exist in that familiar dream-to-wake state, where the events are so vivid that we don't question their reality, but some essential quality is amiss -- like those dreams in which we gradually realize we must be dreaming, but we can't quite put our finger on what makes the dream unreal. That much of Lucid is saturated with a hazy blue hue only adds to this effect; it furtively subverts our certainty of everything we're watching.

This is only Garrity's second feature film, which makes the skill he demonstrates here as both a director and writer (he co-penned the script with Chernick) seem all the more impressive. I can only hope, though, that after such an immensely promising start, he doesn't undergo the same inflation of ego and waning of talent as Shyamalan.

IMDB page. Offical website.

Monday, November 20, 2006

Jogo Subterrâneo (Underground Game)


MARTIN (Felipe Camargo) is an aloof, middle-aged piano player in a São Paulo nightclub. He clings so fervently to the idea of destiny that he has invented a game that allows him to isolate and identify it. Each day he plans a route on the city underground, then assigns a name to the first beautiful woman he sees in his subway car. Should the woman match both the name and the predetermined route, it's quite obviously the hand of fate guiding him along, and there's little doubt that she and Martin were meant to be together.

Only it never works out so neatly, and we have barely seen Martin make three of these runs before he's making spontaneous changes to his names and routes to better match with reality, or before he is trying to exert some manner of control to make reality match with his routes and names. Meanwhile, if fate is indeed at work, he's largely oblivious to it, preferring to stick with the rigid rules of his self-invented game than to realize that fate might play out through other, less predictable means.

He first comes into contact with Tania (Daniela Escobar), tattoo artist and mother of a young autistic girl named Victória (Thavyne Ferrari). Autistics, Tania explains, can neither love nor be loved, because they remain forever shut off in their own world, and they rely so heavily on order that cannot handle the slightest disturbances in routine. At this point, there should be sirens and flashing lights, and the screen should be dominated by this text: DO YOU GET THE PARALLEL? HUH? DO YOU? Jogo Subterrâneo began life as a short story by Julio Cortázar, so it's possible that the subtlety of this exchange in prose didn't translate naturally to the screen.

Then he meets the blind writer, Laura (Júlia Lemmertz), with whom he establishes a rapport by discussing his problems in the third person. "I know a friend who has this game..." "Maybe your friend is more interested in playing his game than in actually finding love..." As a writer, Laura knows a lot about creating her own worlds and imbuing them with a tidy, meaningful order that reality lacks, and a few solemn nods and indignant outbursts from Martin shows that he is reluctantly becoming more self-aware. We've seen this schtick in a lot of movies, and though it's not even remotely plausible here, it's also not particularly poorly done either.

Martin continues to spend time -- though more for comfort than for romantic reasons -- with Tania, her daughter and Laura after he meets Ana (Maria Luisa Mendonça), a woman he stalks long enough during one of his games for her to scream at him and then ask him out for a cup of coffee. Ana is fleeing a messy, seedy past (and present), and Martin ends up falling for her -- even though she didn't adhere to his preordained subway route, and her life resists all attempts to impose any sort of order upon it. (It should also be said that, although it isn't as heavy-handed as the autism parallels, Ana quite clearly represents what Victória and Laura do not, that is, both Victória and Laura construct means of mental escape from life's entropy, but Ana is too tangled in it to find her way out.) The fiery, uncertain relationship between these two is portrayed well: both actors and the director, Roberto Gervitz, manage to convey the unconditional understanding that each so desperately needs in the other without resorting to superficiality or schmaltz. It's this, along with an outstanding soundtrack, that partially redeems a film marred in key places by cliché.

IMDB page.

Débrouillez-vous (Help Yourself)


TAKING a page from Ken Loach as well as The Blair Witch Project, German director Markus Passera has blurred the lines between documentary and fictionalized drama with his first feature film, Débrouillez-vous. Set in the Democratic Republic of Congo and based on Passera's own experiences there, it begins as a journalistic fact- and opinion-gathering expedition, and later evolves (or devolves, depending on whether you're talking about the film or the narrative) into one woman's frantic and futile effort to restore some humanity to the post-colonial, post-coup chaos, which continues to thwart stability even as UN forces try to lay the groundwork for free elections and democratic self-rule.

The title comes from a statement made by Congolese dictator Mobutu Sese Seko, who presided over one of Africa's most shameless kleptocracies and governed his country's citizens with such wisdom as, "If you want to steal, steal a little in a nice way. But if you steal too much to become rich overnight, you'll be caught." Débrouillez-vous, another one of Mobutu's flip decrees, doesn't quite connote the free-for-all that "help yourself" does; it's more like "fend for yourself" or "every man for himself." This is precisely the mentality that journalist Silvia Reinert (Silvia Fink) encounters during her three-week visit to the country. Armed adolescents dot the roadside, demanding cigarettes and money in exchange for free passage. Mai-Mai rebels, convinced that their tattoos and trinkets make them impervious to bullets, spend their time harassing farmers and scouring the jungle for escaped children soldiers, most of whom only joined the militant faction because it promised food. The missionary supervisor, a Congolese native, is kindhearted but easily puzzled by matters of principle. And the Italian missionary, who understands the Congolese better than they understand themselves, limits his involvement to the people of the mission.

Silvia, however, can't quite muster the detachment that these others have, and she finds herself chasing one heartbreaking cause after another. The former child soldier fleeing the vicious and delusional Mai-Mai. The girl who is hit by the speeding 4x4 and left to die. Between these scenes of her own experiences are documentary-style interviews with genuine UN commanders, Mai-Mai soldiers, rape victims, missionaries, journalists and election observers. These serve as a real-life touchstones to the fictional drama and contextualize Silvia's charged reactions to all this madness and the indifference of those around her.

If there's one drawback to this type of hybrid, it's that we aren't entirely certain what has been fictionalized and what is real, and as a consequence, it gives rise to an inevitable emotional hurdle. Is the missionary's keen analysis of the Congo scripted? Is the reintegration of the rebels into the Congolese army, overseen by the well-meaning but comically awkward UN officials, staged only for the camera? Are the Congolese actors amateurs?

Does it even make a difference? I think it does. When we watch a fictional movie, we watch it as a movie. That is to say, there is a suspension of disbelief that treats these characters as real in their own space and time. And when we watch a documentary, we watch it as such: there is a tacit understanding that these characters exist in our own space and time; they breathe the same air and walk on the same earth and their actions have real-life consequences. They require different types, or degrees, of emotional investment, and Débrouillez-vous asks that we constantly oscillate between the two. But in constantly preparing for the inevitable switch from movie to documentary and back again, it becomes increasingly difficult to commit to either.

This emotional ping-pong match might work against the film in some respects, but the hybrid approach does enable Passera to distill the essence of the ongoing Congolese troubles more effectively than a pure documentary or pure fictional film would be able to do. Realistically shot, expertly paced and convincingly acted (the fact that I found it impossible to determine the authenticity of the actors is proof of this), Débrouillez-vous has the contradictory effect of making stability in Congo seem at once more hopeless and more pressing.

IMDB page. Official website.

Sunday, November 19, 2006

Han, hun og Strindberg (Him, Her and Strindberg)


PETER (Kenneth Carmohn) is a theater director and playwright. His wife, Marie (Trine Appel), is an actress. They are both waiting on callbacks that never come, and the more time that passes without any promise of work, the more their professional frustration and disappointment manifest themselves in their personal lives. In a bid to save their marriage as well as their careers, they decide to stage a Strindberg play. Because, as Marie repeatedly points out to Peter, all the answers are to be found in Strindberg's life and work. But who else will want to take part in their desperate, last-minute production?

Along comes Liza (Iben Hjejle), an old friend of Marie's. Her talent will make a modest performance great, and her star power will boost ticket sales. They begin rehearsing The Stronger, a play with only two characters, one of whom doesn't say a word throughout the entire performance. The imbalance of these roles causes some friction between the two women -- which role, spoken or unspoken, is more important, and which actress is more deserving of it? -- and emerges as an emotional tug-of-war with Peter as the prize. Peter is all too happy to take part in the game, and it isn't until he considers the effects of his hedonistic opportunism on his and Marie's young son, Oskar (Viktor-Emil Appel Hansen), that he begins to realize the benefits of constancy.

Danish director Linda Wendel has created an enjoyable, fairly involving film out of this plot, ultimately tying the play performed by the characters back into their lives, a somewhat predictable but well executed dramatization of life (as art would have it) imitating art. And, like her characters, she herself puts Strindberg's techniques into practice, using dialogue to carry the bulk of the drama and situating a majority of that drama in the same small apartment.

But there are minor failings in the characters and their onscreen development that reduce the complex emotions behind their actions to something thin and insubstantial. When Peter first trysts with Liza, it is so sudden that his only motive appears to be caddish selfishness, not the crisis of purposelessness brought about by his inability to find work and the boring safety of his marriage. When Liza first propositions him, she seems to lack any motive whatsoever. We know that there is a rivalry of sorts between her and Marie, one that is exacerbated by their assigned roles in the play; and we know that when Peter finally returns to his wife he has had a profound change of heart. We know these things because the dialogue tells us as much. But it's one thing to have the characters state and analyze their psychology, and it's another thing to depict it in a way that allows the audience to feel and understand it. So although we know in a purely academic sense what the reasons for their most consequential behaviors are supposed to have been, that visceral quality, the tangle of impulse and desires that substantiates their affairs and abandonments, goes missing. This problem lies more in the script and in the way the narrative is laid out than in the actors' performances, and it's one of the drawbacks in the Strindbergian method of having the dialogue bear all the responsibility for driving the action.

With the addition of a few key scenes -- one, for example, that better explains Liza's decision to seduce Peter, and another that makes Peter's return to Marie seem less like a choice of cold convenience -- (and I don't see why this wouldn't have been possible; the running time is only 79 minutes) Han, hun og Strindberg would be a very good film. As it stands, though, there are crucial pieces missing. Betrayals and reconciliations seem to happen on a whim, and the complicated motives the characters cite for their actions don't chime with what we've witnessed, making them seem selfish, shallow, stupid and generally undeserving of our interest.

IMDB page.

Friday, November 17, 2006

Sasvim licno (Totally Personal)


SASVIM licno (Totally Personal) is seventy-two minutes long. In its original form it would have run closer to an hour, but the distributor said a proper feature film needed to break the seventy-minute mark. So, as we discover in the final ten minutes, Bosnian director Nedzad Begovic decided to meet the necessary running time by recounting the story of the distributor telling him that the film needed to be ten minutes longer. For good measure, he throws in two arbitrary segments that he had intended to leave out, one of which is a short gag about spending more time with his wife when his computer goes in for repairs. She gets to hold the board he's painted to resemble his Windows solitaire game. Ba-da-bum.

As this ought to demonstrate, Begovic's film is an unconventional, anything goes autobiography based on the premise that any life -- in this case, his own -- is inherently interesting. Using only a storebought digital camera, his own family and friends as cast and crew, and minimal editing, he recalls anecdotes from his childhood, stories about life under Tito and in postwar Bosnia and Herzegovina, cleverly cute and wholly unrelated gags such as the solitaire sketch, and amusing theories like the idea that our fingers are ideally suited to the size of our nostrils for more effective nose-picking. Not entirely pleased with the early part of the film that concentrates on politics and personal challenges (one segment shows his close friends viewing this part and dismissing it as "crap" or worse), Begovic announces that he is going to begin all over again. And then he does, title sequence and all.

The film is therefore a real hodgepodge, as messy and absurd and confused as the life of the everyman it's documenting. And it works. For the most part.

In an interview, Krzysztof Kieslowski once related how, when filming Three Colours: Blue, he and his assistants lost hours timing different types of sugarcubes to see how long they would take to fully absorb certain kinds of liquid. This meticulous precision seemed unnecessary to most onlookers, but it was essential to the scene in which Juliette Binoche holds a cube on the meniscus of a steaming cup of coffee. Two seconds for absorption was too short to seem significant; five seconds was too long to seem real and risked boring the audience.

Begovic, to put it figuratively, doesn't know how to time his sugarcubes. His short homage to Fellini spends far too long peering at beachgoers' flabby rearends through a pinhole view, and the scene that depicts his family watching television and smiling at one another on his birthday is as tedious as Warhol's conceptual Sleep. It's these scenes that make such a short and amiable film seem so interminable at times and put Begovic's premise to the test. Some events in the everyman's life -- like sitting on the couch and watching TV, for instance -- are not interesting. They are in fact excruciatingly dull. Or, if they escape being dull, they're in bad taste. Here I'm thinking of the head-scratching segment in which Begovic pens a smiley face on his penis and pokes it through a bird feeder. Just because he can, I suppose.

Sasvim licno doesn't strike me as the type of film that demands multiple viewings, but despite (or in some cases, because of) its indulgences it's an original and entertaining seventy-two minutes -- up to and including the ten that have been tacked on to meet the distributor's wishes.

Distributor's website. IMDB page.

Tuesday, November 14, 2006

Mannheim-Heidelberg International Film Festival 2006


THIS year has flown by more rapidly than any year in recent memory, and that means we've come round to another Mannheim-Heidelberg International Film Festival faster than usual. I've blogged the festival for the past three years, posting reviews of every movie my wife and I see (anywhere from ten to fifteen) over the nine days that the festival runs, and this year we've refined our previous experience into a science. We've got fourteen films arranged in a matrix that isn't going leave us strung out and exhausted, and we're omitting the special screenings and "Masters of Cinema" sideshow to concentrate on the heart of the festival, the International Competition and International Discoveries.

It helps in a way that Krzysztof Kieslowski is one of the greats being honored this year. We've already got so much Kieslowski on DVD that we aren't too bothered about missing the screenings of his work, nice as it would be to see them in one of the more charming local cinemas. And besides, they aren't even showing the Decalogue, only one of the longer films that stem from it (A Short Film About Love), which is odd considering that Edgar Reitz's Heimat cycle got a full showing in 2004. If we have any extra time we're going to try to squeeze in one or two films by Aleksandr Sokurov, this year's "Master of Cinema," but right now it doesn't look possible.

From the International Competition section, we've opted for:

Sons (Sønner), Norway, Erik Richter Strand
Lovers of Marona (Kochankowie z Marony), Poland, Izabella Cywinska
Thicker than Water (Blodbönd), Iceland, Arni Oli Asgeirsson
The Secret Book (Tajnata Kniga), Macedonia, Vlado Cvetanovski
Times and Winds (Bes vakit), Turkey, Reha Erdem
Underground Game (Jogo Subterrâneo), Brazil, Roberto Gervitz
Lucid, Canada, Sean Garrity
Iraq in Fragments, USA, James Longley
The Art of Crying (Kunsten at græde i kor), Denmark, Peter Schonau Fog

And from the International Discoveries section:

Totally Personal (Sasvim licno), Bosnia and Herzegovina, Nedzad Begovic
Him, Her & Strindberg (Han, Hun og Strindberg), Denmark, Linda Wendel
Help Yourself (Debrouillez-vous), Germany, Markus Passera
Life in Color (Vida y Color), Spain, Santiago Tabernero
Orangelove, Ukraine, Alan Badoyev

Each of those links goes to the festival's relevant film page in English. The translations are appalling and the German synopses are better, but I realize that it's not generally helpful to link to the German pages. On the linked pages, there are also further links to the film's official homepages as well as trailers in some cases.

As always, we've tried to avoid the dreck (though at least one turkey is inevitable) and get a good sampling from around the globe as well as a fair mix of male and female directors. I've personally got high hopes for the Cywinska film (she was a prominent Polish theatre director and later Minister of Culture), James Longley's Iraq in Fragments and the goofy-looking Totally Personal. Look for the reviews starting this Friday.

Thursday, November 09, 2006

Big on the Swedes


TODAY I realized that I've got something of a Swedish musical fixation. Entirely unintentional. It's just that I've had dozens of review discs arrive in the mail over the past month, and the ones I find myself retuning to -- aside from Hurt People Hurt People by the North Carolina-based Can Joann -- are all put out by Swedes: The Cardigans' Super Extra Gravity, David and The Citizens' Until the Sadness Is Gone and Pelle Carlberg's Everything. Now!.

The Cardigans' newest album returns the band to the level at which they were operating during the First Band on the Moon era back in 1996 (which, to put it in some perspective, is only a scant two albums ago), but the music is a far cry from the twee rainbows and sunshine of their early career. As with Long Gone Before Daylight, their previous disc, the music has become dark enough to match the cynicism that has always been in Nina Persson's lyrics. Casual listeners might simply wish for the rainbows and sunshine back, and more analytical longtime fans might think that something valuable has been lost with the absence of that disparity between tone and content, and I can't say I totally disagree. Years from now, can I honestly see myself coming back to Super Extra Gravity the way I infrequently revisit Life and First Band on the Moon? Maybe not. This new darker sound might not age as well. But for right now Super Extra Gravity remains in heavy rotation in my player, and I still consider it a strong album with some genuinely enduring songwriting. "I Need Some Fine Wine and You, You Need to Be Nicer" is a classic Ohrwurm single, and "In the Round" has a timeless slow-burning appeal.

One of The Cardigans' perpetual drawbacks is Nina Persson's lyrics, which range from average to poor; it's her vocals that truly endear her to listeners. You might chalk this up to the fact that she's not a native English speaker. But then you hear Until the Sadness Is Gone, David and The Citizens' first US full length and second overall, and you realize that good lyric writing in any language is a gift. Some have it and some don't. Frontman David Fridlund has come up with some clever imagery and turns of phrase, for example in "Graycoated Morning":

All these graycoated mornings pass
Just like water poured on wax
You watch the sun make another lap
Then fall into this gap of nothingness
Where everything's prefab and everything's dead
And every little thing gets inside your head


A bit glum when rendered here as straight text, but it's propelled by a swinging, hyperactive melody with a jubilant brass-backed chorus. Like the rest of the album, it's part folky, part rocking, part sincere, part sardonic, and it shows that the band's self-titled EP, released last year in the US, wasn't just a promising one-off. There are occasional similarities to the contemporary folk rock of Counting Crows, such as on the beautiful ballad "Never a Bottom," but David and The Citizens don't polish the raw musicality out of their songs, perhaps putting them closer to XTC and The Decemberists. There's a klezmer-style clarinet and sea shanty accordion on the opener, "The End," which both really make the song, and the vaguely psychedelic gypsy-sounding "Betina" (one of two bonus tracks) makes this American release even more enticing.

Then there's Everything. Now! by Pelle Carlberg. This only arrived yesterday morning, so I can't claim to have given it as many concentrated listens as the other discs I've mentioned, but it was good enough to completely distract me from the album I was in the middle of reviewing at the time. (Casualite by Astrophagus. Not that it took a lot to distract me from an album I wasn't too fond of to begin with.) I had heard some of Carlberg's solo work before, "Clever Girls" and "Go to Hell, Miss Rydell," the latter about stalking a nasty music critic, but a few hand-picked MP3s isn't quite enough to form a firm opinion one way or the other. So I was pleased to find that Everything. Now! is packed with his self-effacing, amusing, anecdotal, world-weary pop -- a sound that has a lot (sometimes too much) in common with Belle and Sebastian, right down to the high tenor vocals. The disc features songs like "Musikbyrån Makes Me Wanna Smoke Crack," where Carlberg broods that he'll never be as talented or loved as Warren Zevon, and "Bastards Don't Blush," in which the usual amiable narrator tells of a stranger in a "cocky outfit" bragging about his bouillabaisse of all things. "He kind of blushed when he said it." "Bastards don't blush, do they?" is the rhetorical question of the chorus. And then there's "Summer of '69," where he longs not for a simpler time but a complete return to the womb.

I wouldn't even be tempted to say that any of these albums, collectively or individually, are indicative of a massive Swedish coup within the pop music scene, but it is one heck of a coincidence that of nearly forty CDs I've currently got lined up for review, my three favorites are all from a country with a population barely larger than that of Georgia.